Я пытаюсь добавить этот простой тестовый контракт dumb.solв свой файл genesis.json.
pragma solidity <0.8.6;
contract Dumb {
string public name;
string public symbol;
constructor() {
name = "Hello World";
symbol = "HLW";
}
}
Я предварительно скомпилировал контракт сsolc --bin-runtime ../contracts/dumb.sol -o precompiled_dumb
Это создало precompiled_dumb/Dumb.bin-runtimeфайл
(Причина, по которой я использовал байт-коды, скомпилированные во время выполнения, вместо байт-кода, скомпилированного в обычном режиме, заключается в том, что я пробовал байт-код, скомпилированный в обычном режиме, раньше, и он не работает так же хорошо, и из-за ответа (правильный или нет) в этом сообщении можно ли предварительно загружать контракты в блоке генезиса?, поэтому я пытаюсь использовать байт-коды, скомпилированные во время выполнения, но это все равно не сработало)
Затем я скопировал байт-коды, скомпилированные во время выполнения, precompiled_dumb/Dumb.bin-runtimeи поместил в файл genesis.json (сгенерированный puppeth) в allocполе по адресу, 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000001234подобному этому.
{
"config": {
"chainId": 32866,
"homesteadBlock": 0,
"eip150Block": 0,
"eip150Hash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"eip155Block": 0,
"eip158Block": 0,
"byzantiumBlock": 0,
"constantinopleBlock": 0,
"petersburgBlock": 0,
"istanbulBlock": 0,
"clique": {
"period": 5,
"epoch": 30000
}
},
"nonce": "0x0",
"timestamp": "0x60c9d775",
"extraData": "0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000032d3751cc684d55f0b6deb73c4cc4c5ca499f3a6897ae8e5de375c65976323b82b0e318808f2bb0cbebb242cda3258cf98f74a5aa6424dd3ccf3d39a0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"gasLimit": "0x47b760",
"difficulty": "0x1",
"mixHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"coinbase": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"alloc": {
"0x32D3751cC684D55f0B6DEb73C4cC4C5ca499F3a6": {
"balance": "0x200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
},
"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000001234": {
"balance": "0x0",
"code":
"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"
}
},
"number": "0x0",
"gasUsed": "0x0",
"parentHash": "0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
}
Затем я использую abigen для создания соответствующего файла go.
solc --abi --bin ../contracts/dumb.sol -o dumb_build
abigen --bin=./dumb_build/Dumb.bin --abi=./dumb_build/Dumb.abi --pkg=dumb --out=dumb/Dumb.go
Это создает истинный файл сборки dump.sol (а не файл времени выполнения, как указано выше), а затем использует его для автоматического создания файла dumb/Dumb.go, как показано ниже.
// Code generated - DO NOT EDIT.
// This file is a generated binding and any manual changes will be lost.
package dumb
import (
"math/big"
"strings"
ethereum "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts/abi"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts/abi/bind"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
)
// Reference imports to suppress errors if they are not otherwise used.
var (
_ = big.NewInt
_ = strings.NewReader
_ = ethereum.NotFound
_ = bind.Bind
_ = common.Big1
_ = types.BloomLookup
_ = event.NewSubscription
)
// DumbABI is the input ABI used to generate the binding from.
const DumbABI = "[{\"inputs\":[],\"stateMutability\":\"nonpayable\",\"type\":\"constructor\"},{\"inputs\":[],\"name\":\"name\",\"outputs\":[{\"internalType\":\"string\",\"name\":\"\",\"type\":\"string\"}],\"stateMutability\":\"view\",\"type\":\"function\"},{\"inputs\":[],\"name\":\"symbol\",\"outputs\":[{\"internalType\":\"string\",\"name\":\"\",\"type\":\"string\"}],\"stateMutability\":\"view\",\"type\":\"function\"}]"
// DumbBin is the compiled bytecode used for deploying new contracts.
var DumbBin = "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"
// DeployDumb deploys a new Ethereum contract, binding an instance of Dumb to it.
func DeployDumb(auth *bind.TransactOpts, backend bind.ContractBackend) (common.Address, *types.Transaction, *Dumb, error) {
parsed, err := abi.JSON(strings.NewReader(DumbABI))
if err != nil {
return common.Address{}, nil, nil, err
}
address, tx, contract, err := bind.DeployContract(auth, parsed, common.FromHex(DumbBin), backend)
if err != nil {
return common.Address{}, nil, nil, err
}
return address, tx, &Dumb{DumbCaller: DumbCaller{contract: contract}, DumbTransactor: DumbTransactor{contract: contract}, DumbFilterer: DumbFilterer{contract: contract}}, nil
}
// Dumb is an auto generated Go binding around an Ethereum contract.
type Dumb struct {
DumbCaller // Read-only binding to the contract
DumbTransactor // Write-only binding to the contract
DumbFilterer // Log filterer for contract events
}
// DumbCaller is an auto generated read-only Go binding around an Ethereum contract.
type DumbCaller struct {
contract *bind.BoundContract // Generic contract wrapper for the low level calls
}
// DumbTransactor is an auto generated write-only Go binding around an Ethereum contract.
type DumbTransactor struct {
contract *bind.BoundContract // Generic contract wrapper for the low level calls
}
// DumbFilterer is an auto generated log filtering Go binding around an Ethereum contract events.
type DumbFilterer struct {
contract *bind.BoundContract // Generic contract wrapper for the low level calls
}
// DumbSession is an auto generated Go binding around an Ethereum contract,
// with pre-set call and transact options.
type DumbSession struct {
Contract *Dumb // Generic contract binding to set the session for
CallOpts bind.CallOpts // Call options to use throughout this session
TransactOpts bind.TransactOpts // Transaction auth options to use throughout this session
}
// DumbCallerSession is an auto generated read-only Go binding around an Ethereum contract,
// with pre-set call options.
type DumbCallerSession struct {
Contract *DumbCaller // Generic contract caller binding to set the session for
CallOpts bind.CallOpts // Call options to use throughout this session
}
// DumbTransactorSession is an auto generated write-only Go binding around an Ethereum contract,
// with pre-set transact options.
type DumbTransactorSession struct {
Contract *DumbTransactor // Generic contract transactor binding to set the session for
TransactOpts bind.TransactOpts // Transaction auth options to use throughout this session
}
// DumbRaw is an auto generated low-level Go binding around an Ethereum contract.
type DumbRaw struct {
Contract *Dumb // Generic contract binding to access the raw methods on
}
// DumbCallerRaw is an auto generated low-level read-only Go binding around an Ethereum contract.
type DumbCallerRaw struct {
Contract *DumbCaller // Generic read-only contract binding to access the raw methods on
}
// DumbTransactorRaw is an auto generated low-level write-only Go binding around an Ethereum contract.
type DumbTransactorRaw struct {
Contract *DumbTransactor // Generic write-only contract binding to access the raw methods on
}
// NewDumb creates a new instance of Dumb, bound to a specific deployed contract.
func NewDumb(address common.Address, backend bind.ContractBackend) (*Dumb, error) {
contract, err := bindDumb(address, backend, backend, backend)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return &Dumb{DumbCaller: DumbCaller{contract: contract}, DumbTransactor: DumbTransactor{contract: contract}, DumbFilterer: DumbFilterer{contract: contract}}, nil
}
// NewDumbCaller creates a new read-only instance of Dumb, bound to a specific deployed contract.
func NewDumbCaller(address common.Address, caller bind.ContractCaller) (*DumbCaller, error) {
contract, err := bindDumb(address, caller, nil, nil)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return &DumbCaller{contract: contract}, nil
}
// NewDumbTransactor creates a new write-only instance of Dumb, bound to a specific deployed contract.
func NewDumbTransactor(address common.Address, transactor bind.ContractTransactor) (*DumbTransactor, error) {
contract, err := bindDumb(address, nil, transactor, nil)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return &DumbTransactor{contract: contract}, nil
}
// NewDumbFilterer creates a new log filterer instance of Dumb, bound to a specific deployed contract.
func NewDumbFilterer(address common.Address, filterer bind.ContractFilterer) (*DumbFilterer, error) {
contract, err := bindDumb(address, nil, nil, filterer)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return &DumbFilterer{contract: contract}, nil
}
// bindDumb binds a generic wrapper to an already deployed contract.
func bindDumb(address common.Address, caller bind.ContractCaller, transactor bind.ContractTransactor, filterer bind.ContractFilterer) (*bind.BoundContract, error) {
parsed, err := abi.JSON(strings.NewReader(DumbABI))
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return bind.NewBoundContract(address, parsed, caller, transactor, filterer), nil
}
// Call invokes the (constant) contract method with params as input values and
// sets the output to result. The result type might be a single field for simple
// returns, a slice of interfaces for anonymous returns and a struct for named
// returns.
func (_Dumb *DumbRaw) Call(opts *bind.CallOpts, result *[]interface{}, method string, params ...interface{}) error {
return _Dumb.Contract.DumbCaller.contract.Call(opts, result, method, params...)
}
// Transfer initiates a plain transaction to move funds to the contract, calling
// its default method if one is available.
func (_Dumb *DumbRaw) Transfer(opts *bind.TransactOpts) (*types.Transaction, error) {
return _Dumb.Contract.DumbTransactor.contract.Transfer(opts)
}
// Transact invokes the (paid) contract method with params as input values.
func (_Dumb *DumbRaw) Transact(opts *bind.TransactOpts, method string, params ...interface{}) (*types.Transaction, error) {
return _Dumb.Contract.DumbTransactor.contract.Transact(opts, method, params...)
}
// Call invokes the (constant) contract method with params as input values and
// sets the output to result. The result type might be a single field for simple
// returns, a slice of interfaces for anonymous returns and a struct for named
// returns.
func (_Dumb *DumbCallerRaw) Call(opts *bind.CallOpts, result *[]interface{}, method string, params ...interface{}) error {
return _Dumb.Contract.contract.Call(opts, result, method, params...)
}
// Transfer initiates a plain transaction to move funds to the contract, calling
// its default method if one is available.
func (_Dumb *DumbTransactorRaw) Transfer(opts *bind.TransactOpts) (*types.Transaction, error) {
return _Dumb.Contract.contract.Transfer(opts)
}
// Transact invokes the (paid) contract method with params as input values.
func (_Dumb *DumbTransactorRaw) Transact(opts *bind.TransactOpts, method string, params ...interface{}) (*types.Transaction, error) {
return _Dumb.Contract.contract.Transact(opts, method, params...)
}
// Name is a free data retrieval call binding the contract method 0x06fdde03.
//
// Solidity: function name() view returns(string)
func (_Dumb *DumbCaller) Name(opts *bind.CallOpts) (string, error) {
var out []interface{}
err := _Dumb.contract.Call(opts, &out, "name")
if err != nil {
return *new(string), err
}
out0 := *abi.ConvertType(out[0], new(string)).(*string)
return out0, err
}
// Name is a free data retrieval call binding the contract method 0x06fdde03.
//
// Solidity: function name() view returns(string)
func (_Dumb *DumbSession) Name() (string, error) {
return _Dumb.Contract.Name(&_Dumb.CallOpts)
}
// Name is a free data retrieval call binding the contract method 0x06fdde03.
//
// Solidity: function name() view returns(string)
func (_Dumb *DumbCallerSession) Name() (string, error) {
return _Dumb.Contract.Name(&_Dumb.CallOpts)
}
// Symbol is a free data retrieval call binding the contract method 0x95d89b41.
//
// Solidity: function symbol() view returns(string)
func (_Dumb *DumbCaller) Symbol(opts *bind.CallOpts) (string, error) {
var out []interface{}
err := _Dumb.contract.Call(opts, &out, "symbol")
if err != nil {
return *new(string), err
}
out0 := *abi.ConvertType(out[0], new(string)).(*string)
return out0, err
}
// Symbol is a free data retrieval call binding the contract method 0x95d89b41.
//
// Solidity: function symbol() view returns(string)
func (_Dumb *DumbSession) Symbol() (string, error) {
return _Dumb.Contract.Symbol(&_Dumb.CallOpts)
}
// Symbol is a free data retrieval call binding the contract method 0x95d89b41.
//
// Solidity: function symbol() view returns(string)
func (_Dumb *DumbCallerSession) Symbol() (string, error) {
return _Dumb.Contract.Symbol(&_Dumb.CallOpts)
}
Затем я инициализировал 3 узла go ethereum из файла genesis.json, связанных друг с другом, и написал простой файл go, чтобы распечатать переменную nameв контракте с помощью автоматически сгенерированной Nameфункции в dumb/Dumb.goфайле (этого). в dumb/Dumb.goфайле
// Solidity: function name() view returns(string)
func (_Dumb *DumbCaller) Name(opts *bind.CallOpts) (string, error) {
var out []interface{}
err := _Dumb.contract.Call(opts, &out, "name")
if err != nil {
return *new(string), err
}
out0 := *abi.ConvertType(out[0], new(string)).(*string)
return out0, err
}
Код вmain.go
package main
import (
"context"
"fmt"
"log"
"test/test/dumb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts/abi/bind"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethclient"
)
func main() {
client, err := ethclient.Dial("http://localhost:3334")
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("Oops! There was a problem", err)
} else {
fmt.Println("Success! you are connected to the Ethereum Network")
}
address := common.HexToAddress("0x0000000000000000000000000000000000001234")
//instance, err := coin.NewCoin(address, client)
instance, err := dumb.NewDumb(address, client)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Println("contract is loaded")
header, err := client.HeaderByNumber(context.Background(), nil)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
} else {
fmt.Println("Total Blocks :", header.Number.String())
}
name, err := instance.Name(&bind.CallOpts{})
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Println("Name", name)
}
Как видно из кода, я пытался вывести количество блоков и nameпеременную.
Реальные результаты:
Success! you are connected to the Ethereum Network
contract is loaded
Total Blocks : 8
Name
Ожидаемые результаты:
Success! you are connected to the Ethereum Network
contract is loaded
Total Blocks : 8
Name Hello World
Вроде бы контракт загружен правильно (иначе будет говорить, что по адресу нет контракта), но переменная в нем не может быть получена. Может ли кто-нибудь помочь мне с этой проблемой, пожалуйста. Спасибо.
FYI Обычное развертывание того же контракта после запуска блокчейна работает отлично (ожидаемые результаты достигнуты), но не работает вообще с предварительно скомпилированным контрактом, развернутым в блоке генезиса.
Edit1: кажется, что выборка чисел и функций, возвращающих числа, теперь работает после изменения используемой учетной записи на узел, из которого я получаю ipc, но выборка строки по-прежнему не работает.
Конструктор не запускается в контрактах, определенных в genesis.json. Я полагаю, что конструктор на самом деле даже не включен в --bin-runtimeвывод. Если вы хотите инициализировать значения во время генезиса, вы должны использовать параметр хранения, например
...
"alloc": {
"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000001000": {
"balance": "0x0",
"code": "...",
"storage": {
"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001": "0x1",
"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002": "0xa"
}
}
}
...
Исмаэль